That’s why the default (IDLE) state for each line is HIGH when the open-drain driver is turned OFF. Which as the name suggests is having each IO pin connected to the collector of the output driver transistor internally, while having it pulled up to Vcc with a resistor eternally. The I2C bus uses what’s known as an open-drain (or open-collector) output driver for both SDA and SCL lines. For example, the Arduino (Atmega328p) microcontroller supports up to the Fast-Mode (Fm) which has a data transfer rate up to 400 kHz. You have to refer to the specific device datasheet to check the typical details for the i2c hardware specifications that have actually been implemented on-chip.
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